Sensation - the faculty through which the external world is apprehended.
Perception - The process of organizing information received through the senses and interpreting it. This is done by the conscious, mentally aware brain.
Perception is only a special kind of knowledge, & sensation a special kind of feeling. . . . Knowledge and feeling, perception and sensation, though always coexistent, are always in the inverse ratio of each other. --Sir W. Hamilton.
Steps in changing sensations into perceptions:
1. Stimulus
2. Transductions - physical to electrical signals
3. Brain: primary area - nerve impulses into sensations.
4. Brain: association area - sensations into perceptions.