Self test 3. - Heredity & Environment 

1. Human reproductive cells are called 

 zygotes. 
 chromosomes. 
 genes 
 gametes. 

2. To say that a trait is polygenic means that: 

 The trait is multifactorial. 
 Most people carry genes for that trait. 
 Several genes must be present for the trait to be inherited. 
 Many genes make it more likely that the trait will be inherited. 

3. The determining factor in a zygote's sex is 

 the number of sperm the father has. 
 which sperm reaches the ovum first. 
 the time it takes for the sperm and ovum to meet. 
 which ovum becomes fertilized. 

4. Monozygotic twins 

 originate from one zygote 
 are fraternal. 
 occur in about 1 out of 2, 000 pregnancies 
 all of the above 

5. Genes are segments of molecules of: 

 genotype. 
 karyotype. 
 phenotype. 
 deoxyribonucleic acid. 

6. The dominant-recessive pattern is 

 mdizygotic. 
 monozygotic 
 additive 
 nonadditive 

7. Most of the known genetic traits are: 

 seriously disabling. 
 sex-linked. 
 dominant. 
 recessive. 

8. Boys can inherit an X-linked trait from their 

 mother. 
 father. 
 father's mother. 
 mother or father. 

9. Which of the following is a predisposing factor for schizophrenia? 

 birth during late winter. 
 inadequate oxygen at birth. 
 having a close relative who is schizophrenic. 
 all of these. 

10. Trisomy-21 is called 

 fragile-X syndrome. 
 muscular dystrophy. 
 Down syndrome. 
 Klinefelter's syndrome. 

11. A karyotype 

 shows a chromosomal portrait. 
 is a persons demonstrated traits. 
 consists of all the influencing genes for hearing. 
 is a chart of the family history. 

12. The sum total of all the genes a person inherits is called 

 an additive pattern. 
 a dominant pattern. 
 the genotype. 
 the phenotype. 

13. Suppose a particular couple has a 50/50 chance of having a child with abnormalities. Who makes
the decision about having the baby? 

 the doctor 
  the genetic counselor 
   the couple 
    the government through the courts 

14. The expression of shyness depends on 

 genetics. 
  cultural factors 
   parental example 
    all of the above 

15. In the male, the 23rd pair of chromosomes is designated ____ ; in the female 
its designated ____. 

 XX;XY 
  XY;XX 
   XO;XXY 
   XXY;XO 

16. When a zygote splits, the two identical, independent clusters that 
develop become; 

 dizygotic twins. 
  farernal twins. 
   trizygotic twins 
   monozygotic twins. 

17. Genotype is to phenotype as ________ is to ________. 
 
genetic potential; physical expression 
 physical expression; genetic potential 
  gamete; zygote 
   sperm; ovum 

18. The genes that influence height & skin color interact according 
to the ______ pattern. 

 additive 
 X–linked  nonadditive 
 dominant-recessive 

19. If a man carries the recessive gene for cystic fibrosis & his wife does not, the chances of their offspring
having cystic fibrosis is; 

 zero. 
  one in four. 
   fifty-fifty. 
    dependent on the wife’s ethic background. 

20. The effect of a gene on a particular physical characteristic is dependant on whether the gene comes from 
the mother or the father. This effect is called; 

 the dominant recessive pattern. 
  the additive pattern. 
   molecular genetics. 
    Imprinting. 
 
21.  Type of genetic test administered to all newborns in the US?

•  CVS 
 •  PKU 
  •  Amniocentesis 
   •  Alpha-Fetoprotein Assay
  
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                            Topics in Psychology
                               Robert C. Gates